Mon. May 25th, 2026
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By Chioma Obinna

In a renewed push to curb measles and rubella infections and close immunisation gaps in Lagos State, the Nigerian Red Cross Society (NRCS) has deployed nearly 5,000 trained community volunteers to support the ongoing Measles–Rubella (MR) vaccination campaign across the state.The intervention, jointly funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Red Cross, will see 4,857 volunteers conducting house-to-house engagement in all 20 Local Government Areas of Lagos for 12 days, focusing on pre-campaign sensitisation, vaccination mobilisation and post-campaign follow-up.The Lagos State Branch Secretary of the NRCS, Mr. Olakunle Lasisi, said the initiative was designed to strengthen grassroots communication and address persistent vaccine hesitancy.“Our volunteers are trained to engage households directly, listen to concerns, counter misinformation and encourage caregivers to allow their children to be vaccinated. Any case of refusal will be properly documented and escalated to Health Educators and Local Immunisation Officers for targeted follow-up.” He explained that the Red Cross was also training 486 supervisors, alongside Divisional Secretaries and Data Officers, to ensure effective field coordination, monitoring and daily reporting across the LGAs. Lasisi noted that trust built over decades of humanitarian work gives the Red Cross a unique advantage in reaching reluctant communities.“People trust the Red Cross. That trust is critical in tackling fears and misconceptions around vaccines,” he said, expressing confidence that the campaign would replicate the high coverage achieved during similar mobilisation efforts in 2018.Representatives of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and the NRCS National Headquarters said the Lagos intervention aligns with Nigeria’s broader child-survival and disease-prevention goals.The IFRC, Mrs. Sandra Kanezi and Dr. Ahmed Abdul Majid of the NRCS National Headquarters urged parents to rely on verified medical information.“The Measles–Rubella vaccine is safe, effective and essential for protecting children from preventable diseases. Vaccination remains one of the most powerful tools for safeguarding child health,” he said.Abdul Majid disclosed that a similar Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) intervention is ongoing in Bayelsa State, where over 1,000 volunteers are supporting immunisation activities across the state’s eight LGAs.Meanwhile, health stakeholders have commended the collaborative approach adopted for the Lagos campaign. At an all-inclusive planning meeting held on Thursday, January 15, officials of the Lagos State Primary Health Care Board, Local Immunisation Officers, Health Education Officers and Red Cross divisional leaders reviewed strategies for improving vaccine uptake.The Director of Health Education and Health Promotion Services at the Board, Mrs. Honfor Grace Adebola, praised the partnership between the Red Cross and government authorities.“This collaboration strengthens community trust and improves outcomes. Sustaining it will significantly enhance our humanitarian and public-health impact,” she said.Also speaking, the Chairman of the Nigerian Red Cross Society, Lagos State Branch, urged volunteers to maintain close collaboration with Health Educators and Local Immunisation Officers.“Working as partners is the only way to achieve record-breaking vaccination coverage and protect every eligible child,” he said.
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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.